Review and Questions on e-dot structures, atom

hybridizations, molecule shapes, etc.

 

 

Write complete e-dot structures for the species below. Some structures contain both covalent and ionic bonds.  Make certain to clearly distinguish these different bond types.  Show formal charges where appropriate.  Use the octet rule for all atoms, including S. Try to NOT look at an answer until you have done ALL of the questions for a species.

 

Species

Questions and Comments

Answer

CH2NH

hybridization at C and N?  C-N-H bond angle?

 Answer
KN3

N-N-N bond angle?  K is a group I element

 Answer
CH3CO2Na sodium acetate; Na is Group I element; acetate resonance structures Answer
MgCO3 magnesium carbonate; Mg is Group II element; carbonate resonance structures; hybridization at C? Answer
CH3CCH

hybridizations of each C?

 Answer
H2SO4*

sulfuric acid; octet for S; better written as (HO)SO2

 Answer
CH3Cl

shape?

Answer
CH2N2

diazomethane; C-N-N angle? draw resonance structures

Answer
NH4Cl

ammonium chloride; ionic

Answer
NH3

hybridization at N?  shape?

 Answer
CO2

hybridization at C?  shape?  dipole moment?

Answer
CaC2

calcium carbide; hybridization of C?

 Answer
NO2+

nitronium cation; shape? draw resonance structures

 Answer
HC(O)NH2

formamide; all 6 atoms are in the same plane; N hybridization?

 Answer
HCN

hydrogen cyanide; shape?

 Answer
H2O

shape?

 Answer
CH3-

methyl anion; C hybridization? shape?

 Answer
CH3+

methyl carbocation; C hybridization?; shape?

 Answer
H3O+

O hybridization?; shape?

 Answer
SO2

S hybridization? shape?  dipole moment?

 Answer
HSO3-*

hydrogen sulfite; beware of connectivity

Answer
HNO2*

nitrous acid; beware of connectivity; bond angles?

Answer
Br2

bromine

 Answer
HClO4*

perchloric acid; beware of connectivity

Answer
H2CCCH2

allene; C hybridizations?  3D shape? C-C-C bond angle?

 Answer
CH3S(O)CH3

DMSO; S hybridization?  O-S-C bond angle?

Answer
BF3

shape? does B have octet? resonance structure when B has octet?

 Answer
C2H5OH

what is the conjugate acid and conjugate base of ethyl alcohol?

Answer
NH3 + BF3 -->  X

what is X? N and B hybridizations in X?

Answer

* NOTE:  The "usual" molecular formulas can be misleading when providing connectivity information.

ALSO: Compare and Contrast the structures of CO2, SO2, and NO2+.  Learn the valences, number of valence e-'s and the atomic numbers for H and the 2nd row elements (Li-Ne).